- Theodolites: For measuring angles and distances
- Barometers: For measuring atmospheric pressure
- Thermometers: For measuring temperatures
- Sextants: For measuring astronomical positions
- Compasses: For determining directions
- Microscopes: For examining specimens
- Dredges: For collecting samples from the seafloor
- Trawls: For collecting samples from the midwater
- Water bottles: For collecting samples from different depths
Exploration equipment
- Sledges: For transporting supplies and equipment across the ice
- Snowshoes: For walking on snow and ice
- Tents: For sleeping and storing equipment
- Food: A variety of provisions to sustain the expedition
- Clothing: Warm clothing to protect against the cold
- Fuel: For cooking, heating, and lighting
- Medicines: To treat illnesses and injuries
- Navigation tools: For finding their way back to the ship