The pilot files the flight plan paperwork with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Filling out the paperwork can be done 24 hours in advance of flying, right up to the time of departure.
Pilots must specify in the flight plan whether they are flying visually or with instrument rating, the aircraft ID (similar to the license plate to a car), type of aircraft flying and instruments used, as well as detailed departure times and estimated arrival times. The FAA will want to know at what altitude the pilot anticipates to be flying. You'd be surprised how low some pilots fly to see the landscape and animals below. Keep in mind fueling needs, as well as possible complications, such as weather, mechanical issues or bathroom breaks. The paperwork also will detail the number of people on board and the pilot's 411 information, as well as any anticipated stops.
The sky is the limit. The FAA has saved many lives by having flight plans filed. When pilots don't arrive at their expected times, authorities are alerted and a search is begun. The flight plan lets the control towers know to be expecting you.
