What did Russians wear in medieval times?

In medieval times, the clothing worn by Russians was heavily influenced by the region's climate, the availability of materials, and cultural traditions. Here is a general overview of the clothing typically worn by Russians during the medieval period:

1. Men:

- Kaftan (Кафтан): A long, loose-fitting coat that reached below the knees, often belted at the waist.

- Ports (Порты): Pants or breeches that were wide at the top and tapered at the bottom.

- Rubakha (Рубаха): A shirt made of linen or hemp that was worn under the kaftan.

- Shapka (Шапка): A round or pointed fur hat.

- Lapti (Лапти): Bast shoes made from the bark of linden trees.

- Opaniki (Опани): Leather footwear with high heels, often worn by wealthy individuals.

2. Women:

- Sarafans (Сарафаны): Long, loose-fitting dresses that reached to the ankles, often made of brightly colored fabrics.

- Rubakha: A shirt worn underneath the sarafan, similar to men's shirts.

- Poneva (Понёва): A wrap-around skirt that covered the sarafan and was secured with a belt.

- Kokoshnik (Кокошник): An elaborate headdress worn by married women, often decorated with pearls, beads, and embroidery.

- Ubrus (Убрус): A scarf or shawl that covered the head and shoulders.

- Cherevichki (Черевички): Soft leather boots with intricate designs.

3. Common Accessories:

- Belts: Both men and women wore belts made of leather, fabric, or metal.

- Jewelry: Rings, earrings, necklaces, and bracelets were common among the wealthy.

- Mittens: Fur or woolen mittens were worn during the winter months.

4. Regional Variations:

- In northern regions with colder climates, clothing was made of thicker materials like furs, wool, and felt.

- In southern regions with warmer climates, clothing was often made from lighter fabrics such as linen and cotton.

Overall, the clothing of medieval Russians was practical and designed to withstand the harsh climate, while also reflecting cultural traditions and social status.