What was the Major cause of Bantu Migrations?

One of the major causes of the Bantu migrations was drought and desertification. During the late Iron Age, the regions where the Bantu people lived experienced prolonged droughts and increased aridity. This led to the drying up of water sources, loss of vegetation, and depletion of grazing lands. These conditions made it difficult for the Bantu to sustain their agricultural and pastoral livelihoods. Therefore, they were compelled to move in search of more suitable environments.