How has Niagara falls changed through the years?

- Retreat of the Falls: The Niagara Falls have been retreating upstream over thousands of years due to the erosive power of the water. The falls are currently located about 20 miles (32 km) downstream from their original position.

- Horseshoe Falls Formation: The Horseshoe Falls, the largest of the three waterfalls that make up Niagara Falls, was formed around 10,000 years ago. It was created when a large section of the Niagara Escarpment collapsed, creating a horseshoe-shaped waterfall.

- Erosion of the Niagara Gorge: The Niagara Gorge, which is about 7 miles (11 km) long, 2,000 feet (610 m) wide, and up to 326 feet (99 m) deep, was carved by the Niagara River as it flowed from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario.

Human-Induced Changes

- Diversion of Water for Hydroelectric Power: Since the early 20th century, a significant amount of water from the Niagara River has been diverted for hydroelectric power generation. This diversion has reduced the flow of water over the falls, especially during the summer months.

- Construction of the Niagara Parks System: The Niagara Parks system, which includes several parks, gardens, and other attractions, was established in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The parks have significantly altered the natural landscape around the falls and made them a major tourist destination.

- Environmental Changes: The Niagara Falls have also been affected by environmental changes, such as pollution and climate change. Pollution from industrial activities and agricultural runoff has impacted the water quality of the Niagara River and the surrounding ecosystem. Climate change has led to changes in the timing and intensity of rainfall and snowfall, which can affect the flow of water over the falls.