Temperature:
- Average Annual Temperature: Temperate forests typically have an average annual temperature ranging between 5°C (41°F) and 15°C (59°F).
- Summer Temperatures: During the summer months, temperatures can reach an average high between 20°C (68°F) and 25°C (77°F).
- Winter Temperatures: In the winter months, average low temperatures can drop below freezing, ranging between -5°C (23°F) and 0°C (32°F).
Rainfall:
- Annual Rainfall: Temperate forests receive a moderate amount of precipitation, with an average annual rainfall ranging from 750 mm (30 inches) to 1,500 mm (59 inches).
- Rainfall Distribution: Rainfall is generally well-distributed throughout the year, with some seasonal variation.
Humidity:
- Average Humidity: Temperate forests tend to have relatively high humidity levels, with an average ranging from 60% to 80%.
Seasonality:
- Distinct Seasons: Temperate forests experience distinct seasons, with spring, summer, fall (or autumn), and winter. Each season brings its own characteristics in terms of temperature, rainfall, and plant and animal life.
Sunlight:
- Sunlight Duration: Temperate forests receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year due to the changing seasons. In summer, days are typically longer, providing more sunlight, while in winter, days are shorter with less sunlight.
Overall, temperate forests have a moderate climate that supports diverse plant and animal species adapted to these conditions. The changing seasons, varied temperature ranges, and availability of water make temperate forests some of the most biologically rich and productive ecosystems on Earth.
