How did isolationism affect China?

* Protected China from Western imperialism and exploitation.

* Allowed China to maintain its traditional culture and values.

* Helped China to develop a strong sense of national identity.

* Gave China time to модернизировать and strengthen its military.

Negative effects

* Made China economically and technologically backward compared to the West.

* Led to the rise of warlords and the eventual collapse of the Qing dynasty.

* Made China vulnerable to invasion by Japan and other powers.

* Isolated China from the global community and prevented it from participating in international affairs.