- The territory is made up of two island groups: the Turks Islands and the Caicos Islands, which are separated by the Turks Island Passage.
- The Turks Islands are located to the east of the Caicos Islands and consist of two main islands: Grand Turk and Salt Cay.
- The Caicos Islands are located to the west of the Turks Islands and consist of six main islands: North Caicos, Middle Caicos, East Caicos, South Caicos, Providenciales, and West Caicos.
The Turks and Caicos Islands have a total land area of approximately 430 square kilometers (166 square miles). The capital of the territory is Cockburn Town, located on Grand Turk.