Countries Involved in the Arab–Israeli Wars

The Arab–Israeli wars (1948–present) have pitted Israel against a shifting coalition of Arab states. Major participants:

Arab States

• Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, Lebanon
• Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Yemen
• Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya, Sudan

Other Actors

• Palestinian factions (PLO, Hamas, etc.)
• Non-Arab states (Iran, Turkey at times)
• Superpowers (U.S., USSR/Russia) providing aid, diplomacy, or mediation

Key conflicts: 1948 War of Independence, 1956 Suez Crisis, 1967 Six-Day War, 1973 Yom Kippur War, 1982 Lebanon War, 2006 Lebanon War, and recurring Gaza conflicts.