Malta's Population: Dense, Growing, and Aging

516,000 Residents (2021 Estimate)

The island nation's population reached ~516,000 in 2021, including Maltese citizens and foreign residents.

Key Demographics

• Density: ~1,650/km² — highest in EU; 10th globally.
• Urbanization: >95% urban; Valletta metro area ~300,000.
• Foreign Residents: ~20% (EU workers, iGaming professionals, retirees).
• Aging: Median age ~42; fertility rate ~1.1 (below replacement).

Drivers

Economic migration (finance, gaming, tourism) offsets low birth rate. Citizenship-by-investment (IIP) adds high-net-worth individuals. Government projects 600,000 by 2050, raising infrastructure/ housing pressures.