* As head of state, Calderón represents Mexico both domestically and internationally. He is also the commander-in-chief of the Mexican Armed Forces.
* Calderón can veto laws passed by Congress, although his veto can be overridden by a two-thirds vote of both houses.
* Calderón can issue executive orders, which have the force of law but can be overturned by Congress.
* Calderón can make treaties with foreign governments, but they must be ratified by the Senate.
* Calderón can appoint and dismiss cabinet ministers and other top government officials.
* Calderón can grant pardons and commute sentences.
Legislative powers
* Calderón can introduce legislation in Congress, but he cannot vote on bills.
* Calderón can veto laws passed by Congress, although his veto can be overridden by a two-thirds vote of both houses.
* Calderón can issue executive orders, which have the force of law but can be overturned by Congress.
* Calderón can make treaties with foreign governments, but they must be ratified by the Senate.
Judicial powers
* Calderón can appoint judges to the Supreme Court of Mexico and other federal courts.
* Calderón can pardon criminals and commute sentences.