After California became part of the US what happened to many who had lived there when it was Mexico?

After California became part of the United States in 1848, many of the Californios, as the people of Mexican descent were called, experienced discrimination and marginalization. Here are some of the key developments and challenges they faced:

1. Loss of Land: Californios faced significant land dispossession as a result of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Many lost their large land grants (ranchos) due to legal challenges, fraudulent claims, and discriminatory practices.

2. Diminished Rights: Californios were initially granted American citizenship under the treaty, but they often encountered discrimination and restrictions in exercising their rights. They faced challenges in owning property, voting, and holding public office.

3. Cultural Assimilation: The dominant American culture and English language became increasingly prevalent, leading to the assimilation of Californio culture and traditions. This process often marginalized Californio customs, language, and identity.

4. Economic Struggles: Many Californios lost their economic advantages and status as a result of the new American system and competition from American settlers. They struggled to adapt to the new economic order, often facing poverty and displacement.

5. Discrimination and Anti-Mexican Sentiments: Californios faced prejudice, discrimination, and animosity from some American settlers and institutions. Anti-Mexican sentiments and stereotypes were common, impacting their opportunities and daily lives.

6. Resistance and Activism: Despite the challenges, many Californios resisted assimilation and fought for their rights and recognition. Some became activists and advocates for social justice, contributing to Mexican American civil rights movements in later decades.

Over time, the experiences of Californios influenced the development of Mexican American identity, activism, and the fight for civil rights in the United States.