The seven states that became Mexico were originally part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, a Spanish colony that encompassed much of North America. The viceroyalty was ruled by a Spanish viceroy who was appointed by the king of Spain.
By the early 19th century, there was growing discontent among the people of New Spain with Spanish rule. The Spanish were seen as oppressive and exploitative, and there was a desire for independence.
In 1810, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a priest from the town of Dolores, Hidalgo, led a revolt against the Spanish. Hidalgo's rebellion was unsuccessful, but it inspired other uprisings.
In 1821, Agustín de Iturbide, a former royalist officer, declared Mexico's independence from Spain. Iturbide became the first emperor of Mexico, but his rule was short-lived. In 1823, the Mexican Congress deposed Iturbide and established a republic.
The seven states that became Mexico were:
1. Chiapas
2. Coahuila y Tejas
3. Guanajuato
4. Michoacán
5. Nuevo León
6. San Luis Potosí
7. Zacatecas
These states were chosen to represent the different regions of Mexico, and they formed the core of the new nation. Over time, additional states were added to Mexico, expanding its territory to its current size.