Cactus plants are characterized by their thickened, fleshy stems that serve as water storage organs. These stems help them survive in arid environments where water is scarce.
2. Spines:
Most cacti have spines, which are modified leaves that protect them from predators and excessive water loss through transpiration. Spines can vary in size, shape, and density depending on the species.
3. Ribs:
Many cacti have prominent ribs or ridges running vertically along their stems. These ribs provide structural support and help increase the surface area for efficient photosynthesis.
4. Areoles:
Areoles are small, cushion-like structures found on the ribs or surface of cacti. They produce spines, flowers, and new stems.
5. Roots:
Cactus plants have extensive root systems that spread widely and shallowly. These shallow roots enable them to capture scarce rainfall efficiently.
6. Flowers:
Cacti produce beautiful, often large and showy flowers. Flowers can vary in shape, color, and fragrance, depending on the species. They usually bloom for a limited period during specific seasons.
7. Fruits:
After flowering, cacti produce fruits. These fruits can be fleshy, dry, or spiny, containing numerous seeds. Some cactus fruits are edible and have cultural significance.
