1. Income Inequality: Peru is a country with a significant level of income inequality. According to the World Bank, the GINI coefficient for Peru was 48.2 in 2020, indicating a high degree of income disparity. This means that the distribution of income is very uneven, with a small percentage of the population controlling a large share of the wealth.
2. Urban-Rural Divide: Income inequality in Peru is also reflected in the differences between urban and rural areas. The per capita income in urban areas is significantly higher than in rural areas. This is due to several factors, including better job opportunities, access to education, and infrastructure in cities.
3. Poverty Rates: Despite economic growth in recent years, poverty remains a significant challenge in Peru. The national poverty rate was estimated at 20.2% in 2020. However, poverty rates are higher in rural areas, indigenous communities, and remote regions of the country.
4. Social and Economic Disparities: Income inequality and the urban-rural divide are reflected in various social and economic indicators. These include differences in access to healthcare, education, housing, and sanitation, as well as higher levels of malnutrition and child stunting in poorer areas.
It is important to note that these disparities are complex and influenced by a combination of factors, including geography, history, policies, and cultural practices. Addressing income inequality and poverty in Peru requires comprehensive strategies aimed at promoting economic growth, social inclusion, and equitable access to opportunities and resources for all citizens.
