Flora:
1. Tropical Rainforest Trees: Costa Rica is home to a range of tropical rainforest trees. Species include mahogany, balsa, cedar, rosewood, and the iconic Guanacaste tree, which is the country's national tree.
2. Epiphytes and Bromeliads: Epiphytes, such as orchids and bromeliads, flourish in Costa Rica's humid environment, attaching themselves to trees and other surfaces to absorb moisture and nutrients from the air.
3. Ferns and Mosses: The country's rainforests are rich in various fern and moss species, contributing to the lush green tapestry of the forest floor.
4. Heliconias: Heliconias, known for their colorful bracts, are a common sight in Costa Rica. They are often referred to as "lobster claws" due to their unique flower shapes.
5. Coffee and Bananas: Costa Rica is famous for its coffee production, with several regions known for their high-quality Arabica beans. Banana plantations also play a significant role in the country's agricultural sector.
Fauna:
1. Mammals: Costa Rica is home to a variety of mammals, including iconic species such as the three-toed sloth, white-faced capuchin monkey, howler monkey, Baird's tapir, and the jaguar, which is the country's largest feline predator.
2. Birds: The country boasts an impressive diversity of bird species, with over 950 recorded. Notable avian species include the resplendent quetzal, with its vibrant green plumage and long tail feathers; scarlet macaws, great green macaws, toucans, hummingbirds, and a wide range of colorful tanagers.
3. Reptiles and Amphibians: Costa Rica is teeming with reptiles and amphibians, including various species of snakes, lizards, frogs, and salamanders. Poison dart frogs, with their vibrant colors, are a distinctive feature of the country's biodiversity.
4. Marine Life: Costa Rica's coasts and marine environments are also rich in marine life, including coral reefs, dolphins, whales (such as humpback whales), sea turtles, manta rays, and a diverse range of fish species.
5. Invertebrates: Costa Rica is home to a vast variety of insects, spiders, and other invertebrates, contributing to the complexity and ecological balance of its ecosystems.
The combination of diverse habitats, from rainforests and cloud forests to coastal ecosystems, makes Costa Rica a hotspot for biodiversity and a true paradise for nature enthusiasts and researchers.
