This kerosene based jet fuel is primarily used in the United States. It meets the American Society for Testing Materials, or ASTM, specification D1655. It has a flash point of 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit and a freezing point of -40 degrees Fahrenheit with an autoignition temperature of 410 degrees Fahrenheit.
This jet fuel is similar to Jet A, but is used internationally. It has the same flash point and autoignition temperature, but it has a lower freezing point at -52.6 degrees Fahrenheit.
A naphtha-kerosene blend, this jet fuel is less widely used than Jet A and Jet A-1. It is more flammable than the other fuels, making it difficult to handle, but offers excellent cold-weather performance. It is primarily used in regions with extremely cold temperatures.
The military has its own specifications for jet fuel. JP-8 is similar to Jet A-1, and JP-4 is similar to Jet B, both with the addition of corrosion inhibitors and anti-icing additives. JP-5 is another military specification that is often used on aircraft carriers because of its higher flash point -- 140 degrees Fahrenheit -- which reduces the risk of fire.
