Kerosene is a odorless fuel used in many jet fuel applications. The color of kerosene ranges from clear to straw. It has a melting point of -51 degrees Celsius and a boiling point of 175 to 325 degrees Celsius. Kerosene has a flash point of 65 to 85 degrees Celsius. Pure kerosene is sometimes used as a high-flash-point fuel and is a main component in kerosene-naphtha and kerosene-gasoline blends.
Gasoline is used in many jet fuel mixtures. It is a slightly yellowish fuel derived from petroleum. It can lower the freezing point of mixtures and help prevent icing in aircraft fuels. Gasoline also slows down corrosion and can be safely stored in tanks for long periods of time. Gasoline is a mixture of hundreds of hydrocarbons. Care must be taken when handling gasoline, as it gives off toxic fumes that are dangerous to human health.
Naphtha is derived from distilled petroleum or coal tar and has a reddish-brown color. It has a boiling point of 150 to 220 degrees Celsius and is commonly used in JP-1 jet fuel. Naphtha is a main ingredient in kerosene-naphtha jet fuel and is known for its high-volatility, making combustion more effective. Naphtha should only be handled with chemical-resistant clothing and gear, as naphtha easily stains skin and clothing and is highly toxic if ingested. If naphtha comes in contact with human skin, immediately wash with warm soap and water.
Indane is a chemical used in JP-7 fuels for military supersonic aircraft. Indane is primarily used as an additive, as its high flash point is ideal for military fuel use. Its chemical formula is C9H10 and it has a molecular weight of 118.1757. Indane is also known as indan, benzocyclopentane, hydrindene and hydrindonaphthene.
