Rivet pitch is also known as rivet spacing, or the distance between rivets. So diagonal rivet pitch is the distance between rivets in different rows.
Rivet installations in most applications have strict guidelines. Rivets cannot be installed too near or far from one another, but this rivet spacing applies to rivets in the same rows.
Rivet spacing is measured from the center of one rivet hole to the center of the next hole. Diagonal pitch is also measured between hole centers, but this measurement does not typically affect rivet installation.