* Channel slope: The steeper the slope, the faster the water will flow.
* Channel roughness: The rougher the channel, the slower the water will flow. This is because the roughness creates friction that slows down the water.
* Water depth: The deeper the water, the faster it will flow. This is because the deeper the water, the less friction it experiences from the channel bed and banks.
* Bank vegetation: The presence of vegetation along the banks can slow down the water by increasing friction.
* Meandering: The sinuosity or meandering of a river can also affect its flow velocity. A meandering river has a longer path to travel than a straight river, so the water has to flow slower in order to maintain its course.
* Channel width: The wider the river channel, the slower the flow velocity. This is because the wider the channel, the greater the surface area of the water, and the more friction it experiences from the air.
* Bed slope: The slope of the river bed also affects the flow velocity. The steeper the bed slope, the faster the water will flow.
