Nigeria's Energy Mix: Natural Gas, Oil, Hydro, Coal, and Emerging Renewables

Primary Fuels

• Natural Gas: Most abundant; fuels thermal power plants.
• Crude Oil: Major producer/exporter; some refined domestically for power.
• Hydroelectric: Kainji, Jebba, Shiroro dams provide significant grid power.
• Coal: Limited use, mainly in northern plants.

Renewables (Small but Growing)

Solar and wind projects are expanding but still contribute a tiny fraction.

Systemic Challenges

• Inadequate infrastructure
• Underinvestment
• Distribution inefficiencies
• Frequent outages

Addressing these is critical for economic growth and energy access.