What did the ainu use for transportation?

The Ainu people, indigenous to Hokkaido and the Kuril Islands, had various modes of transportation adapted to their environment and way of life. Here are some of the transportation methods used by the Ainu:

1. Dogsled: In snowy regions, the Ainu used dogsleds pulled by Hokkaido dogs, a Spitz breed known for its strength and endurance. Dogsleds allowed them to travel efficiently across snow-covered terrain, carrying people and goods.

2. Horseback Riding: The Ainu also relied on horses for transportation, particularly in areas where the terrain was suitable for riding. Horses were used for hunting, traveling between settlements, and carrying loads.

3. Boats and Canoes: Living near coastal areas, the Ainu were skilled in boat-building and navigation. They constructed various types of boats, including canoes and larger vessels, using locally available materials such as driftwood and tree bark. These boats were crucial for fishing, traveling along waterways, and accessing offshore islands.

4. Snowshoes: In winter, the Ainu used snowshoes to walk and travel on snow. Snowshoes distributed weight, enabling easier movement and hunting in snowy conditions.

5. Sledges and Toboggans: Besides dogsleds, the Ainu also used sledges and toboggans for transportation. Sledges were pulled by humans or animals, while toboggans were used for sliding downhill, carrying loads, or transporting people.

6. Foot Travel: Despite having these means of transportation, the Ainu also relied on foot travel for short distances and exploring rugged terrain. Their knowledge of the environment allowed them to navigate effectively on foot.

It's worth noting that the transportation methods used by the Ainu were influenced by their nomadic lifestyle and the resources available in their specific regions. Their adaptability and skill in utilizing the natural resources around them enabled them to thrive in their environment.