Wanderlust World Wanderlust World India has a long history of rigid social order, defined and honed by a 2,000-year-old caste system. Today, caste does not have the same impact that it once did, but much of the social and business structure is rooted in the system. Families are paternal, with the father considered the head of the household. Corporations follow strict hierarchies. Teachers are known as gurus and considered holders of knowledge. When interacting, the Indian people are always aware of their spot in the social order. Introduce yourself to elders or higher-ranked officials first. Acknowledge each person individually in order of rank. Men typically shake hands with men and women with women, but cross-gender touching is discouraged.
Although not all Indians are Hindu, an elaborate system of body part ranking stems from Hindu beliefs and is prevalent throughout India. The head is the most important body part, while the feet are considered dirty. Always remove your shoes when entering someone’s home. Touching someone else’s feet is a sign of respect reserved for the most revered elders. The left hand is considered unclean. Never pass objects, eat or signal with your left hand. Living in crowded conditions, most Indians have a much smaller definition of personal space than those in the West. Incidental physical contact and sustained eye contact are common and should not be taken personally.
Dress modestly for meals, whether in a private home, restaurant or other location. Always refuse the first offer of snacks, drinks or other pre-meal treats, but accept the second offer. At traditional meals, women serve the men and then eat together after the men’s meal concludes. In modern India, especially at business meetings, everyone often eats together. Hierarchies are strictly observed, with the guest of honor served first and everyone else served by rank. Serve and eat only with your right hand. Leave some food on your plate to indicate you were satisfied with the size of the meal.
In general, India is a conservative country with a strict sense of modesty. Female solo travelers are relatively rare and often attract unwanted attention. Minimize the chances for harassment by dressing conservatively. Business attire is traditional and often formal, although it is sometimes more relaxed during hotter weather. Always err on the side of formality for a first meeting and then follow your hosts’ lead for subsequent events. When touring temples and sacred sites, cover your shoulders and lower body. Shorts and sleeveless shirts are discouraged throughout the country and are never acceptable at religious sites.