According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), as of 2021, there were only around 7,000 Rwandan refugees remaining in exile, mainly in neighbouring countries such as the Democratic Republic of Congo, Uganda, Tanzania, and Burundi. This represents a significant decrease from the peak of the Rwandan refugee crisis in the early 1990s, when over 2 million Rwandans were forced to flee the country due to violence and instability.
The repatriation of Rwandan refugees began in the mid-1990s and has been ongoing ever since. The Rwandan government, in collaboration with international organisations such as the UNHCR, has made significant efforts to create conditions that are conducive to the safe and sustainable return of refugees, including promoting reconciliation, strengthening the rule of law, and improving economic opportunities.
As a result of these efforts, over 3 million Rwandan refugees have been able to return home and rebuild their lives in Rwanda.