Pakistan's Deserts: Thar and Cholistan

Thar Desert

Location: Southeast Pakistan (Sindh, Punjab).
Causes: Rain shadow of Kirthar/Sulaiman ranges; low rainfall; high evaporation.

Cholistan Desert

Location: Southern Punjab, near Indian border.
Causes: Lee of Aravalli Hills blocks monsoon; minimal rainfall; scorching summers.

Both are sparsely populated but ecologically significant.