1. The United States ultimately defeated Mexico in the Mexican-American War (1846–1848). The US victory was due to a number of factors, including:
- The US had a larger and better-equipped military than Mexico.
- The US was able to take advantage of Mexico's political instability.
- The US was able to gain the support of Mexico's indigenous peoples.
As a result of the war, Mexico lost over half of its territory, including the present-day states of California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico.
2. Simon Bolivar's nickname was "The Liberator." He earned this nickname for his role in leading the South American wars of independence against Spain. Bolivar's military campaigns and political leadership were instrumental in securing the independence of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.
