One type of air conditioner you can have in your RV is a dash air-conditioner. This air-conditioner works like the air-conditioner in a car. It works fine if it isn't too hot outside or you are driving between locations, otherwise RVs are too big for it to properly cool the RV down.
Most RVs come with a roof-mounted air conditioner as well. If a unit does not come with this, it can easily be added. A roof unit can be ducted through the heating ducts or use air vents. These air-conditioners run off shore power or a generator. However, the generator uses extra gas.
Some larger RVs have two roof air-conditioners. If using both units at one time, a 50-amp service is needed and the RV must be plugged into shore power. If you only have 30-amp service, you can only use one unit at a time. Also, if you are using a generator to run the air-conditioner, you could only run one at a time.
A number of manufacturers make air-conditioning units that are located in the basement of the RV. These units are all ducted through heat ducts. They also make your overall RV height less because the air conditioning unit is not sticking out of the roof.
Many roof air-conditioners come with a heat option. This means during the fall it can also help take the chill out of the air a little. It could not be used as your only heat source because it does not heat up the entire unit.