Install an appropriate security system and firewall to keep your computer safe from sypware, adware and viruses before you go. If you use the Internet in a public place, such as the airport, your laptop is susceptible to these dangers.
Back up all of your important files before going, and erase anything from your computer that you will not be needing. Backing up the files will ensure that you do not loose any important information and work. When going through customs, the custom officials do have the right to inspect your computer, including what's on it.
Bring a backup battery for the long flight, if you are planning to work during the flight, and bring a memory device to save files externally for backup and to use for printing at Internet cafes. If you are flying business or first class, there will be outlets available. Check with your carrier for specific information.
Remove your laptop and all hardware from its carrying case while passing through security. You will need to place the computer in its own plastic bin, separate from the carrying case, in order to pass through the detector.
