The majority of Japan lies in the Northern Temperate zone. This makes the majority of the country experience the typical four seasons.
According to JapaneseLifestyle.com, spring and fall provide Japan's most tolerable climates. Both seasons produce fairly warm days with many plants blossoming in spring.
In winter, cold weather from Russia and China sweeps down over Japan, covering the majority of the country in cold weather. Many parts of Japan freeze over, which could kill your plants.
Japan's rainy season starts in early June and lasts through mid to late July. In most of Japan you'll want to be careful not to over-water plants during this season.
After Japan's rainy season, the rest of the summer is humid and often reaches above 100 degrees Fahrenheit, meaning plants need plenty of water to survive.