1. Head of State: The governor-general is the formal representative of the Australian head of state, currently King Charles III. They act on the monarch's behalf and exercise various powers and responsibilities vested in the Crown.
2. Opening of Parliament: The governor-general formally opens each session of the Australian Parliament. They read the Speech from the Throne, outlining the government's policy agenda and legislative priorities for the upcoming parliamentary term.
3. Royal Assent to Bills: The governor-general grants Royal Assent on behalf of the monarch, thereby making bills passed by the Parliament become laws. This formal step is necessary before legislation can come into effect.
4. Appointment of Prime Minister and Cabinet: When a political party or coalition wins a federal election, the governor-general invites the leader of that party to form a government and become the Prime Minister. They also formally appoint the other members of the Cabinet based on the advice of the Prime Minister.
5. Appointment of Government Officials: The governor-general appoints various government officials, judges, and other public figures upon the recommendation of the Prime Minister. This includes appointments to the High Court of Australia, state governors, diplomatic representatives, and heads of government departments and agencies.
6. Overseas Representation: The governor-general represents Australia internationally and plays a ceremonial role in official engagements, such as state visits, diplomatic ceremonies, and international events.
7. Prerogative Powers: The governor-general possesses certain constitutional prerogatives, including the power to dismiss the Prime Minister or dissolve the Parliament under specific circumstances. However, these powers are typically exercised only on the advice of the Prime Minister or in situations involving constitutional crises or deadlock.
8. Acting as Head of State: During periods when the monarch is absent from Australia or unable to perform their duties, the governor-general assumes the role of the head of state and exercises the constitutional powers and responsibilities on their behalf.
