Where to Find the Arctic Fox: Circumpolar Distribution

The Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) inhabits the Arctic tundra across the Northern Hemisphere:

• North America: Alaska, northern Canada (Yukon, NWT, Nunavut), Greenland.
• Europe: Iceland, Svalbard, northern Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden, Finland), Russia (Kola Peninsula to Chukotka).
• Asia: Russian Far East, Siberian Arctic islands.

Adaptations: thick fur (white winter, brown summer), short ears, furred paws, metabolic efficiency. Dens in eskers, riverbanks. Prey: lemmings, voles, birds, eggs, carrion. Population cycles track lemming abundance. Climate change threatens habitat and brings red fox competition.