Increased Flooding. Climate change is expected to lead to more extreme weather events, such as hurricanes and nor'easters. These storms can produce high winds, heavy rains, and flooding. Coastal areas are particularly vulnerable to these storms, as they can cause significant damage to property and infrastructure, and lead to loss of life.
Coastal Erosion. Increased wave energy and sea level rise can accelerate coastal erosion. This can damage or destroy homes, businesses, and other structures located near the coast. In North Carolina, some areas have experienced erosion rates of up to 10 feet per year.
Salinization. As sea levels rise, saltwater can intrude into freshwater sources, such as aquifers and estuaries. This can make these water sources unsafe for drinking, bathing, and irrigation. Salinization can also harm aquatic ecosystems, as many species cannot tolerate high levels of salt.
Loss of Habitats. Climate change could lead to the loss of important coastal habitats, such as salt marshes and mangrove forests. These habitats provide food and shelter for a variety of plants and animals, and they also help to protect coastlines from erosion.
Impacts on Human Health. Climate change could also have a number of negative impacts on human health in coastal areas. These impacts include increased exposure to heat waves, flooding, and waterborne diseases, as well as increased stress and mental health problems.
