Staying hydrated is very important for anyone who finds themselves stuck in the Alaskan wilderness. It will help keep energy reserves up and allow body processes to function normally. While water from streams and snow in Alaska is easy to find, much of it can be contaminated by what is commonly referred to as "beaver fever." This is an intestinal parasite called Giardia, which is easy to catch and can disrupt healthy bowel movements and cause extreme pain and even dehydration if diarrhea occurs. In order to protect oneself from Giardia, water must be boiled for at least two full minutes, or a water filtration device with pores smaller than five micrometers needs to be used.
There are a couple of plants that should be noted in order to ensure survival in the Alaskan wilderness. While there is no poison oak or ivy, there is cow parsnip. This plant is a large perennial with bruised leaves. The bruises have a chemical that will leave skin sun-sensitive and blistered within a few hours. Some people are more sensitive to this plant than others, but it should be avoided at all costs. The best way to protect against this plant is to wear long sleeves and pants, especially during sunny days. Another plant to watch out for is Baneberry. The plant has distinctive, lacy leaves with either red or white berries. The berries can be identified by a groove that runs lengthwise on one side of the berry, much like the groove in the side of a peach. If ingested, these berries are very poisonous.
Alaska has diverse wildlife that can cause trouble for people in the wilderness. Bears are sometimes sighted and should be avoided, especially when you are carrying food. Moose cause more injuries every year than bears. During the summertime, cows can be found as well, and they are particularly protective of their calves at this time. Another animal to watch out for is the porcupine. Out of all the animals here, they are the least likely to attack a human, though they will defend themselves when necessary. Finally, anyone allergic to bees should carry the proper medication when in the Alaskan wilderness, as the insects are abundant, especially after a heavy snow season.
Finding food in the wilderness can be difficult, but Alaska does have plenty of opportunities for outdoorsmen who know what they are looking for. Small animals like rabbits and squirrels can be caught and eaten, but the easiest source of food can be found in waterways, especially along the coast. Carrying some fishing line and hooks when out camping is a great way to ensure survival, because they can be used to catch the plentiful fish found inland in rivers and streams. Along the coast, clams, oysters, snails, and crabs can be found, especially during low tide. Just dig in the sand to find them. Sea urchins can also be broken open using rocks. Inside, their yellow eggs are perfect to eat.
