The appropriate visa application can be found on the Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) website. The visa application will ask questions regarding your citizenship status, passport information, contact information, and your reasons for coming to Canada.
The Canadian embassy/consulate will also often request additional documentation to be submitted along with the visa application. The additional documentation can include, but is not limited to, proof of financial stability, proof of medical insurance, proof of ties in your country of citizenship, your national passport, and additional passport photos.
Those who wish to immigrate to Canada to work (both temporarily and permanently) will have to show proof of a work contract with a Canadian company before they will be granted a work visa.
Students who wish to immigrate to Canada for school must be able to show proof of acceptance into a Canadian university before they will be granted a Canadian student visa.
The application must be submitted with the nearest Canadian embassy/consulate to your residence. These documents will include the paper application along with any additional documentation that you may need in order to process the application. The processing time varies depending on what type of visa you are applying for. Generally most visas can be processed anywhere between two weeks and two months.
In order for the visa application to be processed, the applicant must also pay the appropriate visa fee. The visa fee will vary depending on the type of visa application. For the most current visa application fee schedule, check the CIC website. The visa fee is nonrefundable if the visa is denied.