U.S. citizens need only an official I.D., such as a birth certificate or voter registration card, to enter the Bahamas; however, in order to return to the U.S., a passport is required. No visa is necessary for short-term tourist or business trips for less than eight months. You must also have a return ticket and fill out the Bahamas embarkation-debarkation card.
You can take food that is packaged and frozen, two cartons of cigarettes or 1 lb. of tobacco, 50 cigars, 2 liters of alcohol, a "reasonable" amount of duty-free personal items and prescription medications accompanied by an official prescription.
If a custom's inspection turns up fresh fruits, vegetables or meats, excess liquor and tobacco beyond the limit, firearms or illegal drugs, the property will be seized, and in the case of illegal drugs, imprisonment is likely.
