Here's a closer look at the factors contributing to the pollution of Citarum River:
Industrial Waste: The Citarum River basin is home to over 500 textile and garment factories, tanneries, and other industries. These industries often discharge their untreated wastewater directly into the river, releasing harmful chemicals like lead, mercury, chromium, and arsenic.
Sewage Discharge: Inadequate sewage treatment infrastructure leads to the discharge of raw sewage into the river. This contributes to the high levels of organic pollutants, fecal coliforms, and pathogenic bacteria in the water, increasing the risk of waterborne diseases.
Agricultural Runoff: The Citarum River basin is also heavily influenced by agriculture, particularly rice farming. The use of pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers leads to nutrient runoff, contributing to eutrophication and the growth of harmful algal blooms.
Plastic Waste: Plastic pollution is another major issue affecting the Citarum River. Tons of plastic waste, including bags, bottles, straws, and microplastics, end up in the river, impacting aquatic ecosystems and clogging waterways.
The pollution of the Citarum River has severe consequences for both the environment and the local communities. The river's water is not safe for drinking, bathing, or fishing, and its contamination poses a significant threat to biodiversity. The polluted river also impacts the livelihoods of millions of people who depend on it for agriculture, fishing, and drinking water.
Efforts are underway to clean up the Citarum River, but the challenges are immense. Cleaning and restoring the river requires a comprehensive approach involving industrial regulations, wastewater treatment infrastructure, waste management systems, and public awareness campaigns. The goal is to transform the Citarum River from a symbol of pollution to a source of life and sustainable development.
