- Milpa farming: also known as "slash-and-burn" agriculture, is a traditional method where campesinos clear a small area of forest, burn the vegetation, and plant crops in the ashes.
- Terracing: In areas with steep slopes, campesinos construct terraces to prevent soil erosion and retain water.
- Intercropping: Campesinos often grow different crops together in the same field. This practice helps to improve soil fertility and reduce the risk of crop failure.
- Polyculture: Campesinos cultivate a variety of crops, including maize, beans, squash, and other vegetables. This approach ensures a diverse and nutritious diet for the family.
- Organic farming: Many campesinos practice organic farming methods, using natural fertilizers and pest control techniques to maintain the health of the soil and environment.
- Agroforestry: Campesinos often integrate trees and shrubs into their farming systems, providing shade, improving soil fertility, and generating additional income from the sale of fruits, nuts, and timber.
- Water management: Efficient water management is crucial in regions with limited rainfall. Campesinos employ techniques such as rainwater harvesting, irrigation channels, and water-efficient crops to maximize water usage.