Siberia's Climate: Brutally Cold Winters, Brief Warm Summers

Siberia's vast expanse spans subarctic to arctic zones. Winters are long and severe, often below −40 °C (−40 °F), especially north of the Arctic Circle. Summers are short but can exceed 30 °C (86 °F) in the south. The continental climate—far from moderating oceans—causes extreme seasonal swings. Most population clusters in the milder south and west.