What is the arctic weather like?

Cold: The Arctic is known for its frigid temperatures. Average temperatures in January, the coldest month, range from -34 degrees Celsius (-30 degrees Fahrenheit) in coastal areas to -45 degrees Celsius (-50 degrees Fahrenheit) in the interior. In July, the warmest month, average temperatures range from 0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit) to 10 degrees Celsius (50 degrees Fahrenheit).

Long Winters: Winters in the Arctic are long and dark. The sun may not rise for several weeks during the winter solstice in December. This period of darkness is known as the polar night.

Short Summers: Summers in the Arctic are short and bright. The sun may not set for several weeks during the summer solstice in June. This period of continuous daylight is known as the midnight sun.

Low Precipitation: The Arctic is a cold desert. Average annual precipitation ranges from 100 to 250 millimeters (4 to 10 inches). Most precipitation falls as snow.

High Winds: The Arctic is known for its strong winds. Average wind speeds range from 15 to 30 kilometers per hour (10 to 20 miles per hour). Winds can be much stronger during storms.

Sea Ice: The Arctic Ocean is covered in sea ice for much of the year. Sea ice forms when seawater freezes and can be up to several meters thick. Sea ice is an important habitat for many Arctic animals.

Polar Fog: Polar fog is a common weather phenomenon in the Arctic. Polar fog is caused by the difference in temperature between the air and the water or ice surface. Polar fog can reduce visibility to near zero.